 |
| 錢煦 教授 |
加州大學聖地牙哥分校生物工程研究所教授
2011年美國總統科學獎章得主
美國國家科學院院士
中央研究院院士
|
|
|
講題1：Interplays between Science-Medicine- Technology and Humanity-Society
科學-醫學- 技術和人類-社會之間的相互影響 |
Academic institutions are comprised of disciplines such as humanities, social sciences, natural sciences, life sciences, engineering, and medicine. There is a general tendency of specialization for intellectuals to focus on their own fields, but there are considerable interplays among seemingly unrelated disciplines. Advances in science, medicine and technology have significant influences on society, economics and human health. Conversely, governmental policy, societal participation, and healthy professionals are essential for the establishment of a strong infrastructure for the advancement of science, medicine and technology.
The human body and the human society are both formed by integrating units into systems. Different types of cells function together to form an effective human body, and different types of people work together to form successful human society. The successful development and adaptation of both the human body and the society necessitate the integration of the units to enhance the wellbeing of the big self.
The feedback control of physiological functions (such as blood pressure) has analogous features as supply-demand in economy. Under normal conditions, the proper feedback circuit can maintain the stability of the physiological and economical systems. Under abnormal conditions, the derangement of the feedback can lead to disease and economical failure.
Creation of art and music requires the coordination of human functions (mental and motor) with physical instruments, and the perception and appreciation of these artistic outcomes require physiological cognition. Artists’ health can affect their creativity, and arts and music have healing power.
Understanding of the interplays between science-medicine- technology and humanity-society can help in the understanding of health and abnormalities in societal and bodily functions, and provide deeper insights into the meanings of life and truth.
學術機構是由不同的學門組成，例如人類學、社會科學、自然科學、生命科學、工程學、和醫學等。學者專業研究的一般趨勢是關注於自己熟悉的領域，但是在看起來不相干的學科之間，仍存有相當大的交互影響。科學、醫學、和技術方面的進步，會對社會、經濟、和人類健康方面造成重大的影響。反過來說，政府政策、社會參與、和健康的專業人員是必備的，用以建立促成科學、醫學、和技術進步的堅強基礎結構。
人類身體和人類社會都是由單元統整成為系統。不同形式的細胞一起運作，才能形成有機能的人類身體；不同職別的人共同工作，才能造就成功的人類社會。人類身體和人類社會的成功發展和調適需要眾多單元的統合，以增進大我的福祉。
生理功能的反饋控制(例如血壓)有許多特徵，類似於經濟的供需關係。在正常情況下，適當的反饋機制維持生理和經濟系統的穩定性。在異常的情況下，錯亂的反饋會導致疾病和經濟失敗。
藝術和音樂的創作需要身體機能(心理和動作)和實體工具的協調運作。藝術作品的感受和欣賞需要生理的認知。藝術家的健康會影響他們的創造力。藝術和音樂有療癒的功效。
理解科學-醫學- 技術和人類-社會之間的相互影響，有助於了解社會和身體機能的健康和異常，並且讓我們能深入見識到生命和真理的意義。
|
| |
講題2：Life and Science：A Case History and General Thoughts
生活與科學：一個案例與一些心得 |
In this presentation, I will share with the class my personal life and my path to a career in science. Each person is different, and this case history is meant to be an example to bring out some general principles, but not as a model. I will outline my early schooling in Shanghai during World War II, premed college study in Peking University, medical school education at National Taiwan University, and Ph.D. training in Physiology at Columbia University, followed by my career as a physiologist and a bioengineer. The following are what I learned from my life.
I grew up during wartime, and life was difficult. I appreciate these conditions because they provided the opportunity to learn how to adapt and thrive under challenging situations. Life is full of possibilities. We have to be prepared to make decisions; be ready to meet challenges and capture the opportunities. We should make the choice based on our compassion and do the best we can in pursuing excellence. It is important to have a clear direction in life and in work; we should be perseverant, and yet adaptive. We need to endeavor to achieve success, but also be able to accept failure and turn it into success next time. Be optimistic even under difficult circumstances; one is more likely to succeed when maintaining optimism and belief.
I have no formal training in engineering, but I am recognized as an engineer based on what I learned from my colleagues and my self-study. It is extremely important to learn how to learn, and to learn all life long. We need to learn broadly while pursuing depth in our field to achieve excellent. The greatest pleasure in life is learning.
It is important to utilize our time effectively, maintaining a balance between our personal life with our career, and also between the big self (scientific community, institution, etc.) and our small selves. People are the most precious element in life. We aim at serving the society and the people to improve their quality of life. The greatest harvest in life is through serving.
Whatever we do, we aim to create new knowledge, new approaches, or new technologies to better people’s life. It is our creative thinking and activities (whether big or small) that move the world forward. The ultimate meaning in life is creation.
I would like to share with you the seven C’s that can be valuable for our life and career. We must have compassion and commitment for whatever we choose to do. We need to comprehend what is known and what needs to be done and be creative in designing and executing our work with innovation. It is important to continuously improve our communication skills and to cooperate with others. We must complete whatever we set out to do. By using these 7 C’s to pursue what you choose to accomplish with a clear, realistic direction and adhering to ethical principles and integrity, I strongly believe that you will have a highly successful career and a very happy life.
在這場演講中，我將和同學們分享我個人的生活經驗，以及我從事科學志業的歷程。每一個人都是不一樣的，我個人的故事只是帶出一些普適原則的例子，並非以此為典範。我將由二次世界大戰時，我早年在上海的學校生活談起，接著在北京大學就讀醫科預校、在台灣大學接受醫學院教育、以及在哥倫比亞大學的生理學博士訓練，接著是我作為一名生理學家和生物工程學家的生涯。下面是我在生活中的體會：
我在戰爭年代中成長，生活是艱苦的。我感激那時的生活條件，因為它們提供了機會去學習如何調適和如何在困境中茁壯成長。人的一生中充滿種種機會，我們必須預備好下定決心；準備好面對挑戰並抓住機會。我們應該本於心中所愛，做出選擇，並盡最大努力，追求卓越。在生活中和工作中定出一個明確的方向是很重要的。我們應該堅持不懈，並能調整適應。我們需要奮力以獲取成功，但也要有接受失敗的胸懷，並設法在下一次逆轉成功。即使在困難的情況下也要保持樂觀；一個常保樂觀與信念的人、較有可能成功。
我沒有受過工程學方面的正式訓練，但就教於同事和經由自學，我被認可為一名工程師。去學會如何學習是一件極為重要的事。當我們在自己的領域裡鑽研以造就卓越時，我們還需要多方面學習。在生活中最令人愉悅的事就是學習。
有效的運用時間是非常重要的，要維持家庭與事業生活的平衡，也要維持大我（科研社群、服務單位等等）與小我 （個人）的平衡。「人」是生活中最珍貴的因素。我們志在服務社會和人群，改善生活品質。人生中的最大收穫就是經由服務所取得。
不論我們做什麼，我們目標在創造新知識、新探索、或新技術以改善人類生活。我們的創造性思考和活動是推動世界進步的動力。生命的終極意義就是創造。
我願意跟各位分享7個C，這幾個字對我們的生活與事業都會很有價值。無論我們選擇做什麼工作，都必須有熱愛（Compassion）與投入（Commitment）；也要理解（Comprehend）哪些是已知曉的，哪些尚需求解；在計畫時要有創意（Creative），在執行時要能創新。我們必須持續不斷地增進自己的溝通（Communication）技巧，並與他人合作（Cooperate）。我們必須完成（Complete）設定的目標。運用這7個C，找出一個明確又實際的方向，堅持道德規範和完整性，追求並完成你所選。我深信你將擁有高度成功的事業和非常幸福的生活。
|
|
