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講座大師 - 第二十二屆 |
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| 莊炳湟 |
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When Physical Sciences Meet Human Intelligence
當物理科學與人類智慧交會 |
Human intelligence is a multi-faceted capability, which includes learning, planning, analyzing, organizing, creating, adapting, communicating and beyond. Among these manifestations of intelligence, being able to learn from and to communicate with others is imperative in the evolution of civilization, which involves accumulation and transfer of knowledge. In this talk, we highlight some historic advances in physical sciences that directly promulgated human intelligence, particularly along the dimensions of information and communication. The development of ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) spawned the telecom industry, and in the past three decades not only greatly transformed the way intelligent beings live and work, but also expedited the creation and accumulation of human knowledge. We'll look at some unique examples of how scientific understandings are turned into engineering innovations in the process of creating useful technologies that in turn dominate many human intelligent activities.
人類智慧是一種多面向的能力，包括學習、計畫、分析、組織、創造、調適、通訊、以及其他多項。在這些人類智慧的表現之中，能從他人學習並能和他人溝通，是人類進化所必要的，涉及知識的累積和傳承。在本演講中，我們將標舉出物理科學中的一些歷史進展，直接散播了人類智慧，特別是在資訊和通訊方面。資訊傳播科技的發展孵育了電信工業，並且在過去的三十年來，不僅大大地改變智慧人的生活和工作方式，而且促進了人類智慧的創造和累積。我們將檢視一些獨特的例子，在創造實用科技的過程中，科學上的理解如何轉作為工程的創新。這些科技接著主控了許多人類的智慧活動。
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Computing & Computational Intelligence – Ambition to Mimic Life Functions
運算和運算智慧：模仿生活功能的雄心 |
Computing is a term that transcends arithmetic calculation. Every day, we use computers to write articles, process photographs, send and read emails, and play games, all of which are much beyond the capability of a calculator, let alone the Chinese abacus. In this tutorial, we explain the construct of and the principles behind a computer, and point out the essential ideas of many computational schemes, or simply algorithms, that can solve sophisticated problems with ease and speed, as implemented with a computer. We further discuss the current aspiration of computing, namely the so-called artificial intelligence. Recent advances in machine learning, a technical area of computer science, give high hopes in extending the capability of a computer to the realm of human intelligent functions. While a computer can learn to play the GO game as well as anyone, we'll examine how these advances came about and if they'll indeed bring us closer to the realization of the long-held human ambition of creating an intelligent computational machine that mimic life functions.
運算是表示超越算術計算的一個術語。每一天我們使用電腦來書寫文件、處理相片、寄送和收讀電郵、以及玩遊戲，所有這些都遠超過一個計算器的能耐，更不用提中國算盤了。在本演講中，我們將解釋在電腦背後的結構和原理，並指出許多運算規劃，或稱演算法，的基本想法，這些就是電腦可以輕鬆快速的方式，完成解決複雜的問題。我們將進一步討論當今運算的渴望追求，即人工智慧。近年來在機器學習方面的進展，這是資訊科學的一個技術領域，很有希望可將電腦的能力延伸進入人類智慧功能的範疇。雖然電腦如同人一樣可以學習下圍棋，但我們將審視這些進步是如何發生的，是否將帶領我們更接近實現人類長久抱持的渴望，創造一個可以模仿生活功能的智慧運算機器。
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